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Literature: Andreas Capellanus (Andrew the Chaplain): 'De amore'. Influential handbook on love, written ~ 1184-86. Main points at the Internet Medieval Source Book. Other excerpts. Ideas partly based on Ovid's 'Art of Love'. First came to the attention of critics in a famous article by Gaston Paris named "Etudes sur le roman de la table ronde. Lancelot du Lac. II Le conte de la Carette," Romania XII (1883), 459ff. Gaston Paris also popularized the label 'courtly love' (amour cortois) for this form of courtship. This phrase was rare in the Middle Ages, while 'Fin amour', 'Minne', and, in English "trwe love," were more common.
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History: Peace of Augsburg (Augsburger Religionsfriede), signed by Ferdinand I. in September 1555. Ended the religious wars. Legalized Lutheranism, laying down the rule, later epitomized in the phrase cuius regio, 'eius religio' (“he who governs the territory decides its religion”). Each ruler in the empire - i.e., each prince or city government - could opt for either the Roman Catholic or the Lutheran religion (jus reformandi) and that this choice was binding on everyone under that ruler's jurisdiction. Only one faith could legitimately exist in a given state, and that faith had to be the ruler's and could be only Catholicism or Lutheranism. Calvinism, Zwinglianism, and Anabaptism were excluded. A subject unwilling to live by this choice was free to emigrate and take his belongings with him (a provision considered liberal at the time).
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